Page 81 - FoodFocusThailand No.234 September 2025

STRONG QC & QA

Risk can be calculated using various equations; however, control, it may also be appropriate to consider revising the
one of the most commonly applied approaches is the Hazard maximum limit (ML) permitted for use, based on suitability
Quotient (HQ), which compares the estimated exposure to and safety considerations.
the Reference Dose (RfD) or ADI, as shown in Equation (3). The risk assessment of chemical contamination in food
products is a vital component of the food safety system,
requiring collaboration among scientists, toxicologists,

HQ = CDI ...........Equation 3 nutritionists, food analysts, and policymakers to prevent
adverse health effects and ensure consumer confidence.
ADI

By:
- Chronic Daily Intake (CDI) refers to the exposure to More Information Service Info C012
a chemical through food consumption.
- Acceptable Daily Intake (ADI) refers to the amount of
a chemical that can be ingested daily over a lifetime without
posing a health risk.
Risk managers can use the Hazard Quotient (HQ) as
a decision-making tool. If the HQ is less than or equal to 1, it เอกสารอ้างอิง / References
indicates that the exposure scenario for the chemical of interest 1. Curtis D. Klaassen. Casarett and Doull’s Toxicology: The Basic
is not severe enough to pose a public health risk. Conversely, if Science of Poisons, Ninth Edition, 2019. Unit 1 Chapter 4.
the HQ is greater than 1, it suggests that the exposure scenario 2. INTERNATIONAL PROGRAMME ON CHEMICAL SAFETY (IPCS)
may present a potential health hazard to the population. In such Environmental Health Criteria 240 Principles and Methods for the
cases, it is necessary to implement measures to control and Risk Assessment of Chemicals in Food. World Health Organization
monitor the production process or substitute the chemical with 2009 ISBN 978 92 4 157240 8, update 2020.
a safer alternative. For food additives, in addition to process

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